Python program to solve quadratic equation

Given a quadratic equation the task is solve the equation or find out the roots of the equation. Standard form of quadratic equation is –

ax² + bx + c
where,
a, b, and c are coefficient and real numbers and also a ≠ 0.
If a is equal to 0 that equation is not valid quadratic equation.

Examples:

Input :a = 1, b = 2, c = 1 
Output : 
Roots are real and same
-1.0

Input :a = 2, b = 2, c = 1
Output :
Roots are complex
-0.5  + i 2.0
-0.5  - i 2.0

Input :a = 1, b = 10, c = -24 
Output : 
Roots are real and different
2.0
-12.0

Method 1: Using the direct formula

Using the below quadratic formula we can find the root of the quadratic equation.

$x=\frac{-b\pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}$

There are following important cases.

If b*b < 4*a*c, then roots are complex
(not real).
For example roots of x2 + x + 1, roots are
-0.5 + i1.73205 and -0.5 - i1.73205

If b*b == 4*a*c, then roots are real 
and both roots are same.
For example, roots of x2 - 2x + 1 are 1 and 1

If b*b > 4*a*c, then roots are real 
and different.
For example, roots of x2 - 7x - 12 are 3 and 4

# Python program to find roots of quadratic equation
import math 
 
 
# function for finding roots
def equationroots( a, b, c): 
 
    # calculating discriminant using formula
    dis = b * b - 4 * a * c 
    sqrt_val = math.sqrt(abs(dis)) 
     
    # checking condition for discriminant
    if dis > 0: 
        print(" real and different roots ") 
        print((-b + sqrt_val)/(2 * a)) 
        print((-b - sqrt_val)/(2 * a)) 
     
    elif dis == 0: 
        print(" real and same roots") 
        print(-b / (2 * a)) 
     
    # when discriminant is less than 0
    else:
        print("Complex Roots") 
        print(- b / (2 * a), " + i", sqrt_val) 
        print(- b / (2 * a), " - i", sqrt_val) 
 
# Driver Program 
a = 1
b = 10
c = -24
 
# If a is 0, then incorrect equation
if a == 0: 
        print("Input correct quadratic equation") 
 
else:
    equationroots(a, b, c)

Output:

real and different roots
2.0
-12.0

Method 2: Using the complex math module

First, we have to calculate the discriminant and then find two solution of quadratic equation using cmath module.

# import complex math module
import cmath
 
a = 1
b = 4
c = 2
 
# calculating  the discriminant
dis = (b**2) - (4 * a*c)
 
# find two results
ans1 = (-b-cmath.sqrt(dis))/(2 * a)
ans2 = (-b + cmath.sqrt(dis))/(2 * a)
 
# printing the results
print('The roots are')
print(ans1)
print(ans2)

Output:

The roots are
(-3.414213562373095+0j)
(-0.5857864376269049+0j)

Last Updated on November 13, 2021 by admin

Python program to solve quadratic equation